A Comparison of Midazolam and Zolpidem as Oral Premedication in Children
Model scores of the 29,894 trials active now.
Model score 16% for any early termination, 11% for termination due to slow enrollment. Past trials like this one (phase, sponsor type and disease area, started 2008–2016) ended terminated 14% of the time (741 trials).
Finished trial that started 2008–2014: scored by a model trained without any trial from its start year, so its own outcome was never used.
How it ended
Completed on 2016-05-06, after 2014-07-21 start.
The score above never used this outcome: finished trial that started 2008–2014: scored by a model trained without any trial from its start year, so its own outcome was never used.
Termination over time, as the model saw it at the start
Cumulative chance of ending terminated (red) or completed (green) by each year from its start; it actually ended on 2016-05-06. The rest of the way to 100% is still running.
From the competing-risks survival model (termination vs completion, still-running trials censored), fit to trials that started 2008–2014 and recalibrated to termination rates over 2022–2024, since termination has become more common. Checked on past years, it still ran a little low when the rise continued.
What moved the score
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Sponsor's past termination rate: 46.7% (raises risk) · Sponsor's track record
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Accepts healthy volunteers: No (raises risk) · Who can join
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Wording of the registration (title, summary, criteria) (raises risk) · Wording
Phrases that raised it: placebochildrensubjectpatientarea
Phrases that lowered it: participantspostoperativeasasubjectsages -
Phase: 3 (lowers risk) · Design
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Blinding: quadruple (lowers risk) · Design
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Drug's FAERS reports with a death: 14.6% (lowers risk) · Drug's FDA history
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Design: parallel (raises risk) · Design
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Sponsor type: academic or other (raises risk) · Sponsor's track record
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Drug's FAERS reports marked serious: 75.4% (lowers risk) · Drug's FDA history
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Has a data monitoring committee: Yes (raises risk) · Design
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Disease area, cancer: No (lowers risk) · Disease area
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Trials the sponsor started in the prior 2 years: 12 (lowers risk) · Sponsor's track record
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Primary purpose: treatment (raises risk) · Design
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Maximum age: 9 (lowers risk) · Who can join
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Responsible party: principal investigator (lowers risk) · Design
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Minimum age: 2 (lowers risk) · Who can join
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Sponsor's past trials: 30 (lowers risk) · Sponsor's track record
Every input that moved this score, largest first: SHAP contributions in log-odds, red raising risk and green lowering it. They describe the model, not causes of termination. Phrases are traced from the text features back to this registration's words, approximately.
The trial
Design
- Phase
- 3 (typical: 2)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Allocation
- randomized
- Design
- parallel
- Primary purpose
- treatment
- Blinding
- quadruple (typical: none)
- Has a data monitoring committee
- Yes (typical: 56% yes)
- Responsible party
- principal investigator (typical: sponsor)
- Collaborators
- 0
- Keywords listed
- 2 (typical: 1)
Who can join
- Minimum age
- 2 (typical: 18)
- Maximum age
- 9 (typical: 71)
- Sex
- all
- Accepts healthy volunteers
- No (typical: 9% yes)
Sponsor's track record
- Sponsor type
- academic or other
- Sponsor's past trials
- 30 (typical: 32)
- Sponsor's past termination rate
- 46.7% (typical: 9.9%)
- Trials the sponsor started in the prior 2 years
- 12 (typical: 19)
Drug's FDA history
- Drugs with FDA adverse-event history
- 2 (typical: 1)
- Drug has FAERS history
- Yes (typical: 64% yes)
- Drug's FAERS reports before start
- 53682 (typical: 2148)
- Drug's FAERS reports in the prior 12 months
- 7627 (typical: 412.5)
- Drug's FAERS reports marked serious
- 75.4% (typical: 85.6%)
- Drug's FAERS reports with a death
- 14.6% (typical: 15.9%)
Disease area and drugs
- Disease areas
- none of the 14 tracked areas
- Drugs matched to FDA substances
- midazolam, zolpidem
Typical values are among the trials active now. Sponsor and drug history are counted only up to this trial's start date.
Similar finished trials
- Comparing Two Doses of Midazolam With Added Dexmedetomidine for Kids Before Surgery NCT06979791 · started 2025 · scored riskier than 11% of active trials completed
- A Trial of Remimazolam for Intraoperative Sedation in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients NCT07036419 · started 2025 · scored riskier than 12% of active trials completed
- Comparison Between Dexmeditomidine, Midazolam and Ketamine as a Sedative to Help Cannula Insertion in Pediatric Patient NCT04704622 · started 2021 · scored riskier than 5% of active trials completed
- Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Premedication in Children NCT02250703 · started 2014 · scored riskier than 75% of active trials completed
- Dexamethasone, Can it Replace Ketoprofen in the Strategy of Intraoperative Multimodal Analgesia in Paediatric Surgery ? A Prospective Randomized Double-blinded Study. DEXA OP NCT02400047 · started 2015 · scored riskier than 61% of active trials completed
Closest by meaning of the registration text (PubMedBERT embeddings), among finished trials. How they ended is context, not an input to this trial's score.